Resting the affected part of the body
• Application of heat or ice
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen; or acetaminophen
• Physical therapy
• Exercise
• Bioelectric therapy (using local electrical stimulation to moderate pain)
• Stress reduction
• Opioid (narcotic) medications (such as codeine or morphine)
• Muscle relaxant medications
• Anticonvulsants
• Nerve blocks (use of local anesthetics to block nerve activity)
• Trigger point injections to treat muscle spasms
• Steroid injections to reduce tissue inflammation
• Acupuncture
Antidepressant medications
